Stereo‐ and Regiochemical Effect of N,N‐Dialkylamide Extractants on the Speciation of Pu Complexes

Abstract

AbstractThe relationship between extractant stereochemistry and their extraction performance has only poorly been established. In order to address a part of this concern, we investigated the Pu(IV) liquid‐liquid extraction (LLE) by using the N,N‐di‐(2‐ethylhexyl)butyramide (DEHBA), as well as those of its position isomers. DEHBA (ββ‐isomer) and N‐(2‐ethylhexyl)‐N‐(oct‐3‐yl)butyramide (EHOBA or αβ‐isomer) were synthesized as a mixture of stereoisomer or stereoenriched (R,S)‐ and (S,S)‐diastereoisomers, and were all assessed for PuIV LLE. The results showed that both the position and the stereoisomerism of the aliphatic substituents affect PuIV complexation and extraction. We found that Pu extraction is lowered by factor 2 to 4 when the ethyl branching group is closer to the complexing site. UV‐vis spectroscopy showed that this extraction decrease was affected by steric hindrance inducing a deprivation of Pu inner sphere complex. Effect of stereoisomerism is highlighted for branching closer to the complexing site (α‐position). Enantiopure DEHBA stereoisomers provided similar Pu extraction, whereas a slight decrease could be noticed for the more cluttered stereoenriched (αβ)‐isomers, which was also concomitant with a smaller population of inner sphere complex. In contrast, the stereoisomers mixture led to a strong decrease of Pu extraction because of an antagonistic association in the mixed complexes.