Abstract
There are several types of stepper motor currently available, with permanent magnet or soft-iron rotors, and there are hybrids. Permanent magnet stepper motors have found the widest application because they have good dynamic and static characteristics and a relatively high efficiency. Also, they have a static holding torque when not energised, which the soft-iron rotor motor does not have. A further advantage is that they have good damping. Therefore the following discussion is limited to stepper motors with permanent magnets and to hybrid motors. The characteristic property of the stepper motor is the step-by-step turning of the motor shaft. One complete turn of the shaft is made up from an exactly specified number of steps, which is determined by the motor design. This property meets the requirement for operating directly from digital signals. The stepper motor can thus be the bridge between digital information and incremental mechanical displacement. If a stepper motor drive is to be secure and interference-free, certain fundamental points must be taken into account.
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