Abstract
Nonlinear polarizibilities are obtained by a refined free electron model. The effective potential for the π-electrons takes care of electron correlation effects implicitly. Bond lengths are determined by self-consistency with the π-electron density. The reaction field produced by the polarized π-electron cloud is considered. The results are within the limits given by detailed calculations, which is most remarkable, since no adjustable parameters are introduced. According to the model long chain cyanines, in contrast to short symmetric cyanines, carry a soliton at one end, which is moved to the other end by applying a sufficiently large electric field, thus constituting a molecular flip-flop element.
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