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Abstract
In the manufacturing sector, industrial robots are being increasingly improved to execute machining tasks as they exhibit significant advantages in terms of flexibility, cost-effectiveness, affordability, and larger work-space when compared to traditional computer numeric control (CNC) machines. However, programming this kind of equipment for robotic machining is complex, due to closed architecture controller and proprietary programming languages limitations. For that reason, this work aims at contributing to the adoption of the STEP-NC standard (STandard for the Exchange of Product model data- Numerical Control (ISO 10303-238 and ISO 14649)), generating programs for robotic machining operations. The STEP-NC data model enables the integration of information from design, process planning, simulation, manufacturing, and even inspection in a single platform, which could create new alternatives for industrial robotic machining programming. In this context, several previous studies are described in this manuscript aiming to highlight the contribution of this work, in addition to the analysis, implementation, and validation of six different STEP-NC architectures describing the advantages that each architecture provides for achieving robotic machining capabilities. Each introduced architecture can successfully generate a STEP-NC robotic machining program, either as ISO 10303-238 or ISO 14649, which are validated in a simulation environment with both a virtual robot model and a real industrial robot equipped with a LinuxCNC controller. This approach can be implemented in different industrial robots.
Highlights
Industrial robots have been generally applied in tasks such as painting, packaging, welding, and pick-and-place operations
STEP-NC Machine can interpret the Automatically Programmed Tool (APT) data produced by Creo and NX to eventually generate a STEP-NC file in part 21 format according to ISO 10303 AP238
In order to contribute to the use of the STEP-NC standard in industrial robotic machining, some STEP-NC-compliant architectures were implemented and validated in this work
Summary
Industrial robots have been generally applied in tasks such as painting, packaging, welding, and pick-and-place operations. STEP-NC-BASED MANUFACTURING USING ROBOTS According to Toquica et al [17], the potential of CAD/CAM solutions available for off-line machining programming is not fully exploited because of the popular G-code, which enables the description of only elementary actions and cutting tool moves This is a drawback in the context of Industry 4.0, which requires the presence of smart equipment at all levels of the production chain, ensuring the availability of high-level information from design to manufacturing. PROPOSED STEP-NC ARCHITECTURES FOR MACHINING USING INDUSTRIAL ROBOTS This research is focused on implementing and validating different architectures to export STEP-NC files to be used in industrial robotic machining These architectures use different software tools including some commercial CAD/CAM systems as well as new tools developed by authors. This objective can be achieved by adding the necessary functionalities so that LinuxCNC can directly interpret STEP-NC AP238 machining programs
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