Abstract
Benthic samples collected from depths ranging between 686 and 2410 m along the Brazilian continental upper slope from Rio de Janeiro State to Santa Catarina State (23°S to 27°S) yielded a wealth of tanaidacean material, including two new species of Stenotanais. This is the first described species of the family Akanthophoreidae from Brazilian waters. Stenotanais leonardoisp. nov. has a combination of unique characters including the uropod basal article longer than the pleotelson and the exopod somewhat wider than the endopod, longer than the endopod article-1 (0.7 times endopod length) and supporting two flat and wide terminal setae. Stenotanais uropedonsp. nov. is recognisable by its oar-shaped uropod endopod, with article-2 large, broad and flattened and the short exopod, only 0.3 times the endopod length. An identification key to the species of Stenotanais is given. These two species bring the total number of described akanthophoreids to 56 species and that of all tanaidaceans in Brazilian waters to 66 species.
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