Abstract
Background: The aim of study was to evaluate the histologic changes and pro-arrhythmic features of intramyocardial stem cells transplantation after myocardial ischemia. Methods: In 21 New Zealand rabbits an ischemia/reperfusion injury was induced by temporary ligation of anterior coronary artery during cardiac surgical procedure. Mesenchymal bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) were isolated, cultured and re-suspended for injection. BMSCs were injected at the peri-infarcted area and side effects were evaluated and correlated with histological changes. Ventricular premature contractions (VPCs) were recorded during surgery and after 7 and 21 days. Results: Frequent VPCs were observed before and after cells administration. The 7th day after the surgery, the episodes of VPC are more frequent in the group that received i.m. BMSCs and in the group that received i.m. administration of saline, compared to animals treated with BMSCs i.v. (135 ± 23; 52 ± 12; and 38 ± 9, respectively, P <0.01 within groups), while, after 21 days, the number of VPC was higher in the group treated with BMSCs by i.m. compared to the group treated with BMSC i.v. compared to the group treated with saline i.m. (100 ± 35 vs. 58 ± 22;and 24 ± 12 i.m saline, P <0.001 within groups).
Highlights
Stem cell therapy in the field of cardiovascular disease has gained a wide acceptance in the medical community [1]
The major safety issue associated with cardiac cell therapy has been the occurrence of sustained ventricular arrhythmias in some patients injected with skeletal myoblasts [5]
Pre bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) inoculation – ECG monitoring Ventricular arrhythmias were observed in all animals during the different phases of the experimental protocol
Summary
Stem cell therapy in the field of cardiovascular disease has gained a wide acceptance in the medical community [1]. A great number of clinical trials on intramyocardial bone marrow cell injections in patients with chronic heart failure have shown improved regional left ventricular function; these improvements lead only to modest global functional changes [2,3]. The major safety issue associated with cardiac cell therapy has been the occurrence of sustained ventricular arrhythmias in some patients injected with skeletal myoblasts [5]. The therapeutic efficacy and the occurrence of arrhythmias could be affected by the cell delivery route. The aim of study was to evaluate the histological changes in myocardial tissue following intramyocardial injections of Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and the relationship with arrhythmias. The aim of study was to evaluate the histologic changes and pro-arrhythmic features of intramyocardial stem cells transplantation after myocardial ischemia
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