Abstract
Many children with congenital heart disease need prosthetic replacement grafts in the form of new valves, conduits and patches. Owing to the lack of growth potential of the currently available grafts, a child born with congenital heart defects may typically need to undergo major cardiac surgery several times throughout their lifetime. A very promising approach to solve this problem may be the use of tissue engineering, in which stem cells are seeded to form living-tissue products that have structural and functional properties that can be used to restore, maintain or improve tissue function, and help to building the ‘ideal valve and patch’ to be used in congenital heart surgery. In this review, we will summarize the current knowledge and scientific progress in the field of vascular tissue engineering and stem cell differentiation with specific application to congenital heart surgery.
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