Stem Cells in the Treatment of Diabetic Foot Ulcers

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is the most common chronic disease that can lead to many clinical complications including vision, cardiac, and vascular disorders. Among vascular disorders, Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a severe, fatal, serious and devastating complication and remained major economic consequences for the patients and country and is now a global public health issue. The prevalence of Diabetic foot ulcer in Western countries is 4–10% whereas the prevalence of Diabetic foot ulcer in the world is 15%. It has been reported that the healing rate of DFU is only 10–60% of patients after the first 3 months however the recurrence rate is 40%, 60%, and 71% after 1, 2, and 3 years, respectively. Limited treatment options are available for DFU patients. Stem cell therapy holds a great promise for treating Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) and recently emerged as a new interventional strategy and appears to be cost-effective safe and effective in both preclinical and clinical trials. The most important characteristic for the successful utilization of mesenchymal stem cell treatments is the conducting of rapid and robust randomized controlled clinical trials. Diabetic foot ulcer remains the most important clinical challenge in the current medical practice and stem cell therapy may be an effective treatment for Diabetic foot ulcers. It is concluded that stem cell therapy is a potential, advanced, and effective treatment for Diabetic foot ulcers and is utilized as an alternative to amputation for T2D patients for revascularization. This therapy is utilizing tissue engineering as well as regenerative medicine.