Abstract
The potential application for stem cell therapy is vast, and development for use in ischaemic stroke is still in its infancy. Access to stem cells for research is contentious; however, stem cells are obtainable from both animal and human. Despite a limited understanding of their mechanisms of action, clinical trials assessing stem cells in human stroke have been performed. Trials are also underway evaluating haematopoietic precursors mobilised with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, an approach offering an autologous means of administrating stem cells for therapeutic purposes. This review summarises current knowledge in regard to stem cells and their potential for helping improve recovery after stroke.
Highlights
Stroke is the third leading cause of death worldwide and is devastating to both patients and carers
This review describes the current situation with the use of stem cells in ischaemic stroke, with particular reference to haematopoietic stem cells
In rat and mice models of ischaemic stroke, a number of groups have demonstrated G-colony stimulating factors (CSFs) to be neuroprotective at various doses [55], in the presence of thrombolysis [56, 57], induce functional recovery [52, 58] and promote angiogenesis [58,59,60] and neurogenesis [58, 60, 61]
Summary
Stroke is the third leading cause of death worldwide and is devastating to both patients and carers. Subventicular and hippocampal cells from adult human brain can be expanded in vitro, differentiate into all three neural cell lineages (neuronal, astrocytic and oligodendroglial) [19] and can improve functional recovery when administered intravenously into a rat model of stroke [20].
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