Abstract
In the past decade, progress in the research on human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) has provided the solid basis to derive retinal pigment epithelium, photoreceptors, and ganglion cells from hESCs/iPSCs for transplantation therapy of retinal degenerative diseases(RDD). Recently, the iPSC-derived retinal pigment epithelium cells have achieved efficacy in treating patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). However, there isstill much work to be done about the differentiation of hESCs/iPSCs into clinically required retinal cells and improvement in the methods to deliver the cells into the retinaof patients. Here we will review the research advances in stem cell transplantation in animal studies andclinical trials as well as propose the challenges for improvingthe clinical efficacy and safety of hESCs/iPSCs-derived retinal neural cellsin treating retinal degenerative diseases.
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