Abstract
Eutherian mammals give birth to developmentally advanced progeny by utilizing an intrauterine organ, placenta. The placenta is essential to implantation of embryo, transportation/exchange of nutrients, gases and wastes to support fetal development. It is also an endocrine organ that regulates maternal physiology to establish and maintain a pregnancy and promote fetal growth by producing of both steroid and polypeptide hormones. Trophoblast cell lineage, derived from trophectoderm of the blastocyst as the first lineage differentiation, gives rise to specialized cell types of placenta. Placenta is the most diverse organ in mammalian organs and has been classified based on the structural and functional features. The human and rodent bear some degree of resemblance each other and share hemochorial placental type that forms direct contact with maternal circulation and tissues [1].
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