Abstract
A set of closed moment equations of hydrodynamic form is presented. These equations were derived from the collisionless Boltzmann equation and should be useful for nonlinear simulations of open spirals and barlike disturbances in galaxies. Tests also show that these equations can describe the physics of short spiral waves. Important nonlinear effects such as particle trapping at the corotation region are also within the scope of these stellar hydrodynamic equations.
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