Abstract
The transient numerical model combined with the volume of fluid (VOF) approach is employed to investigate the steel/slag interface behavior under multifunction electromagnetic driving in a continuous casting slab mold. Here, electromagnetic stirring (EMS) and electromagnetic braking (EMBr), respectively, are chosen as flow multifunction control technologies in the upper and lower areas of the mold. The computational models are validated with measurement results. The results show that multifunction electromagnetic driving changes the flow pattern, which has the potential to simultaneously meet the requirements of the steel flow in the regions above and below the nozzle, ensuring the uniformity and activity of the molten steel in the upper region of the mold and avoiding the excessive depth of the impinging jet. After EMS, the steel forms a deflected circulation flow at the steel/slag interface, and the surface velocity distribution is more uniform. EMBr still has the function of stabilizing the meniscus when multifunction electromagnetic driving is applied. Taking wave height and wave amplitude as evaluation criteria, the influence of EMS and EMBr on the steel/slag interface can be evaluated and controlled to some extent by observing the key points.
Highlights
The flow behavior at the steel/slag interface is of great significance to the product quality in the slab mold [1,2,3,4]
If the molten steel velocity leaving the submerged entry nozzle (SEN) is high enough to strike the narrow faces, it splits into one part forming an upward vortex and one part going downward
Compared with the wave amplitude of the narrow side under different electromagnetic conditions, the amplitude does not change much, and decreases slightly, which shows that electromagnetic stirring (EMS) does not increase the amplitude and electromagnetic braking (EMBr) still has the function of stabilizing the steel/slag interface
Summary
The flow behavior at the steel/slag interface is of great significance to the product quality in the slab mold [1,2,3,4]. Stirring can homogenize the flow of molten steel and increase the chances of large particles floating in the mold, which reduce slab defects such as pinholes and inclusions [13,14,15,16], but with EMS it is difficult to solve the problem of jet impinging depth when a traveling magnetic field is applied to the upper part of the mold. Multifunction electromagnetic driving which combines EMS and EMBr is the development trend of the current control technology of steel flow in a continuous casting mold [26,27,28,29]. In the current study, a transient numerical model is developed to investigate the steel/slag interface behavior under multifunction electromagnetic driving in the slab mold. Special attention is paid to level profile, surface velocity, wave height and wave amplitude of the steel/slag interface
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