Abstract
Ethanol steam reforming was studied over Ni supported catalysts. The effects of support (Al2O3, Al2O3–ZnO, and Al2O3–CeO2), metal loading, catalyst activation method, and steam-to-ethanol molar feed ratio were investigated. The properties of catalysts were studied by N2 physisorption, TPD-CO2, X-ray diffraction, and temperature programmed reduction. After activity tests, the catalysts were analyzed by TOC analysis. The catalytic activity measurements showed that the addition either of ZnO SSor CeO2 to alumina enhances both ethanol conversion and promotes selectivity towards hydrogen formation. The same effects were observed for catalysts with higher metal loadings. High process temperature and high water-to-ethanol ratio were found to be beneficial for hydrogen production. An extended catalyst stability tests showed no loss of activity over 50 h on reaction stream. The TOC analysis of spent catalysts revealed only insignificant amounts of carbon deposit.
Highlights
The fuel cell and hydrogen technologies are recognized as one of the most promising solutions that address both energy security and environmental concerns, in addition to being more energy-efficient than diesel or internal combustion engines [1].1 3 Vol.:(0123456789)Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis (2021) 132:907–919The conventional methods of production of hydrogen are based on steam reforming of natural gas, partial oxidation of methane, and coal gasification [2]
The efforts have been devoted to investigation of effects of support (Al2O3, Al2O3–ZnO, and A l2O3–CeO2), metal loading, catalyst activation method, and steam-to-ethanol molar feed ratio on the course of ethanol reforming process
One sample of Ni/Al2O3 was calcined at 500 °C for 4 h under air while another one was reduced at 500 °C for 4 h in the hydrogen mixture (5% H2–95% Ar)
Summary
The metals that are selected for this reaction can be classified into two groups: noble metals including Rh, Pt, Pd, and Ru, and non-noble metals that are mainly based on Ni and Co [4] These catalysts are dispersed in a matrix formed by pure or mixed oxides like A l2O3, SiO2, ZrO2, MgO and others [4]. Many of these catalyst exhibit high activity in the reforming process, they can undergo deactivation due to formation and subsequent accumulation of carbon deposit [4]. The main goal of the present research work was to develop the efficient and stable Ni-based catalysts for steam reforming of ethanol as well as to optimize process conditions (temperature, the composition of the gas mixture) for hydrogen production. The efforts have been devoted to investigation of effects of support (Al2O3, Al2O3–ZnO, and A l2O3–CeO2), metal loading, catalyst activation method, and steam-to-ethanol molar feed ratio on the course of ethanol reforming process
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