Abstract
This publication studies the steam oxidation behavior of advanced steels (309S, 310S and HR3C) and Ni-based alloys (Haynes® 230®, alloy 263, alloy 617 and Haynes® 282®) exposed at 800 °C for 2000 h under 1 bar pressure, in a pure water steam system. The results revealed that all exposed materials showed relatively low weight gain, with no spallation of the oxide scale within the 2000 h of exposure. XRD analysis showed that Ni-based alloys developed an oxide scale consisting of four main phases: Cr2O3 (alloy 617, Haynes® 282®, alloy 263 and Haynes® 230®), MnCr2O4 (alloy 617, Haynes® 282® and Haynes® 230®), NiCr2O4 (alloy 617) and TiO2 (alloy 263, Haynes® 282®). In contrast, advanced steels showed the development of Cr2O3, MnCr2O4, Mn7SiO12, FeMn(SiO4) and SiO2 phases. The steel with the highest Cr content showed the formation of Fe3O4 and the thickest oxide scale.
Highlights
1 bar pressure, in a pure water steam system
The findings indicate that the austenitic steel with the highest Cr content developed the thickest oxide scale and the austenitic steel with the lowest Cr content showed the formation of the thinnest oxide scale, and the findings are in contrast to the overall discussion where with increasing Cr content corrosion resistance should be higher, not
This paper demonstrates the outcomes of the research performed under steam oxidation of Ni-based alloys and highly alloyed austenitic steels
Summary
1 bar pressure, in a pure water steam system. The results revealed that all exposed materials showed relatively low weight gain, with no spallation of the oxide scale within the 2000 h of exposure. XRD analysis showed that Ni-based alloys developed an oxide scale consisting of four main phases: Cr2O3 (alloy 617, HaynesÒ 282Ò, alloy 263 and HaynesÒ 230Ò), MnCr2O4 (alloy 617, HaynesÒ 282Ò and HaynesÒ 230Ò), NiCr2O4 (alloy 617) and TiO2 (alloy 263, HaynesÒ 282Ò). Ni-based alloys: p > 35 MPa, T > 700 °C Even today, steels such as T22 (10CrMo910), T91 (X10CrMoVNb9-10), E1250 (X10CrNiMoMnNbVB15-10-1), 316L (X2CrNiMo18-14-3) and TP347HFG (18Cr9Ni3CuNbN) are broadly used throughout the energy sector; those materials do not always meet specifications in the harsh conditions due to the lack of formation of a long-standing Cr2O3 thin and stable scale. Particular attention is paid to the materials with a higher Cr content (>20 wt.%) in order to develop continuous, thin, adherent oxide scales consisting of the Cr2O3 phase. The test was carried out in order to compare steam oxidation resistance of the exposed materials, to investigate the phases developed on the exposed surfaces and to investigate the internal oxidation penetration depth in relation to Al-Ti ratio
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