Abstract
STEAM is actively implemented in the modern educational space of Ukraine. This is due to the fact that one of the important tasks of education is the comprehensive development of the growing generation, their acquisition of the necessary competencies and successful realization in the future. Therefore, the required condition is the formation of an integral (coherent) approach to the content of education and the formation of the educational environment. Analysis of theory and practice shows that the STEAM-approach contributes to the improvement of the learning process in the educational institutions, including after-school education, based on the use of five components: Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, Mathematics It has been established that steam aims to expand opportunities and areas of work, promoting not only the development of the subject competencies in the field of natural sciences, technologies, engineering, art and mathematics, but also the key competencies that are set to ensure effective child socialization and actively interact with each other. At the heart of large-scale multi-year research, such scientists as N. Balyk, G. Shmyger, Ya. Bykovskyi, N. Polihun, J. Bilyk, V. Zhukova, V. Pikalova, A. David, etc., came to the unanimous conclusion that these components are of great importance in the development of science and society in the future. They are also called disciplines of the 21st century. In the future, they may become the basis for such professions as: chemical engineers, software developers, petroleum engineers, computer systems analysts, mechanical engineers, civil engineers, robotics mechanics, nuclear medicine engineers, architects of underwater structures and aerospace engineers. Special attention in the article is focused on the question of STEAM -approach in the content of the hobby group work on technical creativity.
Highlights
Scientific and pedagogical researches show that the urgent need in education is to shift the emphasis on the performance of routine mechanical tasks, that are typical for traditional programs on technical creativity for junior pupils, to the formation of skills of the 21st century: effective cooperation in the team, creative solution of tasks, determination and achievement of goals, making important decisions, managing project activity, self-education and development of their talents
N.Polihun points out that STEM-education is based on solving the real problem or the complex issue for which the necessary knowledge of several disciplines is needed. This approach results in improvement of efficiency and quality of natural and scientific education in conditions of formal education, and on the other – STEM-education provokes to go out of standard school education, including establishment and development of partnership relations between staff school teachers, tutors of the hobby groups, researchers and specialists in the sphere of production for realization of joint projects (Polichun, 2019: 80)
The development content of the educational program on technical creativity should take into account the basic spheres of the personality of the pupil. These spheres allow to outline different aspects of the hobby group program content of the elementary-technical profile, namely: – development of the cognitive sphere: gradual complication of content due to greater abstraction and generalization; parity of tasks on divergent and convergent thinking; predominating of developing educational content over information load; development of productive thinking based on skills of practical use of knowledge; – development of active brain-work and creativity: the predominance of research tasks over reproductive; the focus on revealing intellectual initiative of the pupil; the rejection of conformism; – effective development: profound elaboration of the problem being investigated; support of independent educational activity; parity of criticality and loyalty in estimation of the pupils’ ideas; orientation on competition and collective responsibility; actualization of pupils’ leadership qualities
Summary
Scientific and pedagogical researches show that the urgent need in education is to shift the emphasis on the performance of routine mechanical tasks, that are typical for traditional programs on technical creativity for junior pupils, to the formation of skills of the 21st century: effective cooperation in the team, creative solution of tasks, determination and achievement of goals, making important decisions, managing project activity, self-education and development of their talents. STEM-education is one of the progressive pedagogical innovations of the 21st century beginning
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