Abstract
It is well known that a Rindler observer measures a nontrivial energy flux, resulting in a thermal description in an otherwise Minkowski vacuum. For systems consisting of large number of degrees of freedom, it is natural to isolate a small subset of them and engineer a steady state configuration in which these degrees of freedom act as Rindler observers. In Holography, this idea has been explored in various contexts, specifically in exploring the strongly coupled dynamics of a fundamental matter sector, in the background of adjoint matters. In this article, we briefly review some features of this physics, ranging from the basic description of such configurations in terms of strings and branes, to observable effects of this effective thermal description.
Highlights
While the basic idea is essentially based on the thermofield double type construction, the above makes certain predictions in terms of a universality in thermal hadron production in high energy collisions, in terms of an effective temperature that is defined in terms of the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) confinement-scale
For the cases considered here, this causal structure emerges from an open string equivalence principle and this is what forms the analogue to gravity
We have certainly not made any attempt to review the vast literature on the physics of probes traveling through a thermal medium in a strongly coupled gauge theory
Summary
One particular method, which is relevant for our discussions, is to use the fluctuation-dissipation relation to define temperature in a nonequilibrium process with a slow dynamics; see, e.g., [63] These apply reasonably well within classical and quantum mechanical systems at steady state. While the basic idea is essentially based on the thermofield double type construction, the above makes certain predictions in terms of a universality in thermal hadron production in high energy collisions, in terms of an effective temperature that is defined in terms of the QCD confinement-scale. We will end our brief review here, since this is still an active field of research and is an evolving story
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