Abstract
AbstractA two‐step membrane separation process, namely, nanofiltration (NF), followed by reverse osmosis (RO), is proposed to treat the soaking effluent collected from a tannery. Solution diffusion and osmotic pressure model are combined to predict the steady‐state permeate flux and permeate concentration for continuous, cross flow membrane separation operations. Three flow regimes, namely, laminar, laminar with promoters, and turbulent flow are considered. The extent of polarization on the membrane surface is quantified. For both NF and RO, the extent of polarization increases with increasing transmembrane pressure and decreases with cross flow rate. The model parameters are optimized by comparing the calculated results with the experimental data. © 2008 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2008
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