Abstract
ABSTRACTThe upconing of the salt‐water interface in an unconfined coastal aquifer due to water withdrawal by an infiltration gallery is analyzed numerically based on the variational formulation of the problem. Sometimes in coastal areas, from the point of view of safe withdrawal of water on a long‐term basis, the use of an infiltration gallery is found to be feasible in preventing severe upconing of the interface that would have resulted from heavy pumpage by a vertical well. The numerical procedure presented here is capable of delineating profiles of the free surface and interface along with the length of the outflow face and quantity of freshwater flow to the sea. Full consideration of the nonlinear boundary conditions on the free surface and interface is included for a steady flow towards a gallery in both isotropic and anisotropic aquifers. The extent of upconing of the interface under different operating conditions of the gallery for different aquifer geometries has been studied. A general understanding of the flow phenomenon in the vicinity of the gallery has been established. The results of the analysis can be used to plan a water withdrawal scheme without causing contamination by salt water.
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