Status quo of osteoporosis treatment in Japan disclosed by the National Database of Health Insurance Claims and Specific Health Checkups: too late in treatment initiation and too few in treated patients?

Abstract

To analyze the current status and trend of osteoporosis treatment in Japan by analyzing the data on main drugs for osteoporosis disclosed in the National Database open data. We used the National Database open data released by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare in September 2018. Data on bisphosphonates, denosumab, and teriparatide were extracted to calculate the number of patients treated with these drugs based on the number of prescriptions filed. Using these prescription numbers, the proportion of patients treated with bisphosphonates, denosumab, or teriparatide among osteoporosis patients was calculated. Further, the data on the incidence of hip fractures were employed to validate the appropriateness of the timing of treatment initiation to osteoporosis patients in Japan. The number of patients in men administered bisphosphonates, denosumab, or teriparatide was about one tenth of that in women. The proportion of osteoporosis patients in men treated with bisphosphonates, denosumab, or teriparatide was highest in age group over 80years at 19.4%. The proportion of osteoporosis patients in women treated with bisphosphonates, denosumab, or teriparatide was highest in age group 70-79years at 23.7%. The incidence of hip fractures increases sharply over 80years of age in both genders. Our findings suggested that osteoporosis treatment should be initiated in younger age, especially in men, in order to avoid osteoporotic fractures in Japan.