Abstract
The freshwater Siberian prawn, Exopalaemon modestus (Heller 1862, Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae), was likely introduced into the San Francisco Estuary in the late 1990s. Since the ini- tial collection in 2000, E. modestus spread rapidly throughout the estuary and into upstream areas, and is now the most common caridean shrimp in the upper estuary, including the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. We summarized data collected from 2000 to 2011 by several long-term monitoring projects, spe- cial studies, and the public concerning E. modestus in California. Although some specific ecological effects of this introduced species have been documented, broader effects are largely unknown. E. modestus is likely to expand its distribution within the estuary and watershed and become established in other fresh- water areas of California.
Highlights
Since the Gold Rush, a variety of taxa has been introduced to the San Francisco Estuary (Cohen and Carlton 1998)
E. modestus is established in the Columbia River, where it was first discovered in 1995 and assumed to be introduced via ballast water (Emmett et al 2002)
Larvae were collected from the CDFW Townet Survey and U.S Fish and Wildlife (USFWS) light traps; staging was done using the descriptions for larval P. macrodactylus in Little (1969)
Summary
Since the Gold Rush, a variety of taxa has been introduced to the San Francisco Estuary (estuary) (Cohen and Carlton 1998). Introduced species are so pervasive in the estuary that they dominate the benthic, fouling, brackish-water zooplankton, and freshwater fish communities (Cohen and Carlton 1998). They have had profound ecosystem effects, such as zooplankton declines in the upper estuary that have been attributed to competition and predation by the introduced clam Potamocorbula amurensis (Kimmerer et al 1994; Orsi and Mecum 1996). 1. the taxonomy of E. modestus and shrimp species similar in appearance that are present in the estuary and its watershed, 2. the abundance and distribution trends of E. modestus, and
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