Abstract
LHCb is a single-arm spectrometer at the LHC. It is dedicated to the study of CP violation in the B-hadron system. The VErtex LOcator (VELO) is a silicon microstrip detector providing accurate measurements of event primary and secondary vertices, impact parameters, and tracks. The second-level trigger decision of LHCb is mainly based on information from a full readout of the VELO. This document gives a general introduction to LHCb as a context for a more extensive description of the VELO. The VELO design emphasises the need for precise reconstruction of tracks down to momenta of a few GeV. The VELO operates inside the LHC beam-pipe, and the sensors, the hybrids, and the foil separating the primary and secondary vacuua must be built with the minimum possible material. The R– φ strip layout is optimised for efficient trigger operation and precise measurements at the smallest radii. The performance must be maintained in the harsh radiation environment close to the LHC beams. These issues have led to a choice of n-on-n, double metal technology for the VELO. This document describes the current status of the VELO design, incorporating changes which have been made in the context of the recent overall optimisation of the LHCb detector (“LHCb light”) (Status of the LHCb Detector Reoptimisation, 2003, CERN/LHCC/2003-003), and summarises the underlying R&D for the technology choice. Issues concerning the electronics, the mechanical integration into LHCb and the LHC machine are discussed in detail elsewhere (LHCb Vertex Locator Technical Design Report, 2001, CERN/LHCC/2001-011).
Highlights
The LHCb detector is designed to detect and reconstruct events where B mesons are produced in 14TeV pp collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC)
The experiment is set up as a single arm spectrometer with an angular coverage between 10 and 300 mrad to maximise the acceptance for B meson decay products while benefiting from the Lorentz boost of b hadrons
The experiment is dedicated for B-physics measurements via the specialised trigger, excellent proper time resolution, and the particle identification possibilities provided by the RICH systems
Summary
The LHCb detector is designed to detect and reconstruct events where B mesons are produced in 14TeV pp collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). In these events, b and b hadrons and their decay products are typically found in the same very forward cone. The LHCb experiment aims to exploit the very high statistics of bb production at the LHC to measure and over-constrain the parameters of this matrix, and explore possible contributions of New Physics to the CP violation observed. The LHCb experiment has recently undergone an overall optimisation [1] aiming to minimise the amount of material in the detector in the light of the detailed engineering designs which are reaching maturity, and aiming to increase the robustness and efficiency of the trigger.
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