Status of sanitation and hygiene practices in the context of "Swachh Bharat Abhiyan" in two districts of India

Abstract

Background: For every human being potable drinking water, sanitation and healthy hygiene practices are important to sustain healthy life. This paper focuses on urban slums and rural segments of India as these areas are mostly deprived of these essential amenities. Swachh Bharat Abhiyan came into existence to ensure that each and every citizen of India should get the access to these basic necessities. Our study therefore highlights the key issues which may act as a hindrance to the progress of this Abhiyan in rural and urban parts of India. Methods: A total sample of 190 households was selected for the study from district Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh and district Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh. One adult respondent was selected from each household randomly for the study. The statistical data was analyzed and represented by graphs and tables. Results: Study finding shows that 76% of total respondent were not aware about the “Swachh Bharat Abhiyan” and 56% were not aware about the significance of keeping good sanitary conditions. It was also observed that among the total respondents only 54% were defecating in the toilet and 8% of respondents don’t wash their hands after defecation and 11% of the respondents never wash their hands before meals. As observed, only 33% of female respondents were using sanitary pads during their mensuration. Conclusions: The study findings support the need for creating immediate awareness in these communities. It also highlighted the urgent need for effective basic sanitation facilities. This would be very relevant for the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan.