Status of fungal and insects allergy in patients of rhinitis with or without asthma reporting from the desert area

Abstract

Background: The most effective diagnostic test to detect IgE mediated type I allergic reactions like allergic rhinitis, atopic asthma, acute urticaria, food allergy, etc. is skin prick test (SPTs). SPTs are performed to check allergic sensitivity and functional for devising immunotherapy as the therapeutic modality. Methodology: Present study was performed in the Department of TB and Respiratory Diseases, S.P. Medical College, Bikaner (Rajasthan). A total of 118 patients suffering from allergic rhinitis with and without bronchial asthma were included in this study. SPT was performed to check reactivity against fungal and insect allergens in the desert areas. Results: Suggested that maximum cases (3/4th) were having both rhinitis and asthma. Around (3/4th) were belonging to rural area. Maximum cases (95%) were belonging to 15-45 years of age group. In fungal group max positivity was seen with Alternaria, Curvularia and Aspergillus fumigatus. In insects group cockroach reactivity was most common. Conclusions: Comparative analysis showed that maximum reactivity was seen with insect allergens than fungal allergens. Among which maximum reactivity was seen against cockroach male. There was significant relief in the severity of symptoms, medication intake with the help of allergen immunotherapy. Keywords: Allergic rhinitis; Asthma; Fungal allergy; Insect allergy; Immunotherapy.