Status of Child Nutrition in India: A Comparative Study of Assam and West Bengal

Abstract

Undernutrition represents a distressing health issue among children in developing countries. It has been recognized as a significant factor contributing to child mortality worldwide, with approximately half of child deaths attributed to it. Despite India initiating the largest number of anti-malnutrition programs and boasting one of the fastest-growing economies globally, the situation regarding child malnutrition remains dire compared to other developing nations. Thus, utilizing data from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) fifth and fourth rounds, this study aims to evaluate the nutritional status of children under 5 in Assam and West Bengal. The findings of the study reveal that West Bengal slightly outperforms Assam across all nutritional indicators. The prevalence rates of stunting (height-for-age), wasting (weight-for-height), and underweight (weight-for-age) are higher in both states, with noticeable increases over time as evidenced by various NFHS rounds. Furthermore, significant regional disparities exist within both states. While Assam exhibits significant results for wasting and underweight, West Bengal only displays significance for underweight. Despite robust economic growth in both states, they lag behind the Indian average concerning child nutrition.