Status of atmospheric particulate matter and black carbon concentration at Ashuganj in Brahmanbaria

Bilkis Ara Begum,Md Badiuzzaman Khan,Sumaya Baitun

doi:10.3329/jbau.v16i2.37966

Abstract

Atmospheric particulate matter (PM) samples (both PM10 and PM2.5) were collected simultaneously from Midland Power Company Limited at Ashuganj, in Brahmanbaria to monitor the seasonal fluctuations of particulate matter and black carbon (BC) concentrations from air samples. Total eight samples were collected from January 2016 to December 2017 using two Air Metrics MiniVol samplers and the quantity of PM2.5 and PM10 was detected by weighing the filters before and after exposure. The concentration of PM (PM2.5 and PM10) and BC were analyzed at the laboratory of Chemistry Division, Atomic Energy Centre, Dhaka. The black carbon concentration from both PM2.5 and PM10 samples were also determined by reflectance measurement. The concentrations of PM2.5 varied from 12.2–145 μgm−3 where mean value was 67.09 μgm−3. The mean concentration of PM10 was 103.64 μgm−3 whereas the concentration ranged from 20.5–220 μgm−3. The ratios of PM2.5/PM10 fluctuated during different seasons, winter showed higher concentration and summer showed relatively lower concentration for both PM2.5 and PM10. Atmospheric dispersion due to increased wind speeds and wider mixing layer heights are recognized to be responsible for the lower PM concentrations in warmer months. The concentrations of BC in PM2.5 also varied from 2.44–33.4 μgm−3 and BC in PM10 varied from 4.51–57.2 μgm−3, respectively. The concentrations of particulate matter exceeded the Bangladesh National Ambient Air Quality Standard.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 16(2): 232-236, August 2018

Highlights

Air pollution has become a public health concern in Bangladesh and regarded as one of the major environmental hazards in Bangladesh as well as worldwide
The quantity of PM2.5 and PM10 was detected by weighing the filters before and after exposure whereas, the black carbon concentration was determined by reflectance measurement using an EELtype Smoke Stain Reflect meter
Result showed that the concentration of PM10 ranged between 20.5-220 μgm−3 where mean value was 103.64 μgm−3 and for PM2.5, the ranges vary between 12.2–145 μgm−3 whereas, mean value was 67.09 μgm−3

Summary

Introduction

Air pollution has become a public health concern in Bangladesh and regarded as one of the major environmental hazards in Bangladesh as well as worldwide. Over 37,000 Bangladeshi peoples die annually from diseases related to air pollution, according to World Health Organization (WHO, 2016). Dhaka’s air quality has been ranked as third most polluted in the world according to an air quality data compiled by the World Health Organization for mega cities with a population of 14 million or more (WHO, 2016). Atmospheric PM is of great concern to the public and to government agencies because of its significant impact on human health, visibility reduction, agriculture and atmospheric chemistry. Atmospheric PM is generally defined as a mixture of solid and/or liquid particles that remains individually dispersed in the air (Begum et al 2012). Used indicators describing PM that are relevant to health refer to the mass concentration of particles with a diameter of less than 10 μm (PM10) and of particles with a diameter of less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5)

Methods

Results

Conclusion