Abstract
Diwali is one of the most important and commonly celebrated festivals by Hindu religion followers in India which falls normally during period October-November every year. This festival extensive burning of firecrackers, especially in the evening hours, is witnessed with hence burnt crackers releases various gaseous and particulate air pollutants and toxic metals in significant quantity and became responsible for degradation of the air quality as a whole in the adjoining areas. It has been observed that the widespread use of sparklers leads to short-term air quality degradation. So, for assessment of the effect of fireworks on the air quality on ambient concentrations of various air pollutants (SO2, NO2, SPM, RSPM) and Noise level during Diwali festival in Udaipur city (India), data were collected in November 2014. The levels of these pollutants during study schedule were recorded as moderately high, than the National standards, which can cause serious health hazards in local population.
Highlights
In India, Diwali which means lighting the lamp festival in India is one of the major festival where burning of crackers during the festival is an integral part of the celebrations
Noise pollution was studied during Diwali festival in a small township of Haridwar City of Uttarakhand, India [5]
Aerosol behavior was quantified on the basis of morphological characteristics during many festival events in India [11]
Summary
In India, Diwali which means lighting the lamp festival in India is one of the major festival where burning of crackers during the festival is an integral part of the celebrations. Sound-crackers and fireworks are manufactured by using large amount of nitrates and sulphates of lead, cadmium, potassium, ammonium and magnesium. During bursting of these crackers take place, toxic metal fumes and gases like carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide, as well as, particulate matter (PM) is emitted in considerable amounts. Ambient air quality of Lucknow City (India) was assessed after use of fireworks on Diwali festival [4]. Elaborative study on impact of Diwali celebrations on urban air and noise quality in Delhi, India was made [12]. During Diwali festival all over Kolkata [13] and during 19th Commonwealth Games at Delhi, India; ambient air quality was assessed [14]. Aerosol particle behavior was analyzed during dust-storm and Diwali over an urban location in north-western India [15]
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