Status and influencing factors of social avoidance and distress in chemotherapy patients after breast cancer surgery

Abstract

Objective To investigate the clinical status of social avoidance and distress in chemotherapy patients after breast cancer surgery, so as to provide reference for psychological intervention. Methods A total of 300 cases of breast cancer patients who received chemotherapy in the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University from February 2016 to March 2017 were selected by convenience sampling method. The self-designed general situation questionnaire, Body Image after Brest Cancer Questionnaire (BIBCQ) and Social Avoidance and Distress Scale (SADS) were used in the investigation. Multi-factor hierarchical regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors. Results A total of 300 questionnaires were distributed, and 272 valid questionnaires were collected. The total scores of BIBCQ and SADS were (106.53±19.38) and (19.36±4.22) respectively, and the total score of SADS was positively correlated with the total score of BIBCQ (r=0.283, P<0.01) . The results of single factor analysis indicated that the difference of SADS score among different ages, education level, percapita income, operation type, cancer staging and chemotherapy time in the chemotherapy patients after breast cancer surgery were statistically significant (t=28.17, 40.64, 23.21, 9.98, 27.79, 61.11; P<0.01) . Hierarchical regression analysis showed that age, education level, percapita income, operation type, cancer staging, chemotherapy time, susceptibility, shame, restriction, body concern, clairvoyance, and limb concern were the factors affecting the social avoidance and distress of breast cancer patients after surgery (P<0.05) . Conclusions Poor physical image of patients with chemotherapy after breast cancer is an important reason of lack of social function, which suggests that medical staff can enhance their social confidence and adaptability by strengthening the cognitive level of the patients' self image. Key words: Breast neoplasms; Social avoidance; Body image; Influencing factors