Abstract
AbstractThe abysmal state of and challenges in municipal solid waste management (MSWM) in urban India is the motivation of the present study. Urbanization contributes enhanced municipal solid waste (MSW) generation and unscientific handling of MSW degrades the urban environment and causes health hazards. In this paper, an attempt is made to evaluate the major parameters of MSWM, in addition to a comprehensive review of MSW generation, its characterization, collection, and treatment options as practiced in India. The current status of MSWM in Indian states and important cities of India is also reported. The essential conditions for harnessing optimal benefits from the possibilities for public private partnership and challenges thereof and unnoticeable role of rag-pickers are also discussed. The study concludes that installation of decentralized solid waste processing units in metropolitan cities/towns and development of formal recycling industry sector is the need of the hour in developing countries like I...
Highlights
India is rapidly shifting from agricultural-based nation to industrial and services-oriented country.About 31.2% population is living in urban areas
In India, municipal solid waste management (MSWM) is governed by Municipal Solid Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 2000 (MSWR) and implementation of MSWR is a major concern of urban local bodies (ULBs) across the country
The aim of this study is to present the status of municipal solid waste (MSW) and other important aspects like challenges for integrated solid waste management (SWM), intricacy of private partnership (PPP) mode, role of rag-pickers, prevailing practices of MSWM, and the rules pertaining to waste management in India
Summary
India is rapidly shifting from agricultural-based nation to industrial and services-oriented country. Till date, no concrete steps had been taken to analyze regional and geographical-specific waste generation patterns for these urban towns and researchers have to rely on the limited data available based on the study conducted by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), New Delhi; National Engineering and Environmental Research. Rapidly varying waste characterization and generation patterns, growing urbanization and industrialization in developing countries (Troschinetz & Mihelcic, 2009) are the important reasons for paying attention towards MSWM as more area is required to accommodate waste (Idris, Inane, & Hassan, 2004). In India, MSWM is governed by Municipal Solid Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 2000 (MSWR) and implementation of MSWR is a major concern of urban local bodies (ULBs) across the country
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