Abstract
The knowledge of the dynamic of the Campi Flegrei calderic system is a primary goal to mitigate the volcanic risk in one of the most densely populated volcanic areas in the world. From 1950 to 1990 Campi Flegrei suffered three bradyseismic crises with a total uplift of 4.3 m. After 20 years of subsidence, the uplift started again in 2005 accompained by a low increment of the seismicity rate. In 2012 an increment in the seismic energy release and a variation in the gas composition of the fumaroles of Solfatara (in the central area of the caldera) were recorded. Since then, a slow and progressive increase in phenomena continued until today. We analyze the INGV - Osservatorio Vesuviano seismic catalogue of Campi Flegrei from 2000 to 2020 in order to look for any variation in the seismic parameters and compare them with geochemical monitored ones. A remarkable correlation between independent variables of earthquake cumulative number, CO/CO2 values and vertical ground deformation reveals a likely common origin. Moreover the correlation between all the variables here analysed enlightens that the same origin can cause the temporal behavior of all these variables. We interpret the seismological, geochemical and geodetic observable in terms of the injection of magmatic fluids into the hydrothermal system or its pressurization.
Highlights
The knowledge of the dynamic of the Campi Flegrei calderic system is a primary goal to mitigate the volcanic risk in one of the most densely populated volcanic areas in the world
In 2005 a new uplift started in Campi Flegrei caldera together with an increment in the seismicity and a variation in the gas composition emitted at the Solfatara fumarolic vents
The seismological and geochemical anomalies recorded in Campi Flegrei can be interpreted in terms of magmatic fluid circulation and permeability increment within the hydrothermal system
Summary
The knowledge of the dynamic of the Campi Flegrei calderic system is a primary goal to mitigate the volcanic risk in one of the most densely populated volcanic areas in the world. In 2012 an increment in the seismic energy release and a variation in the gas composition of the fumaroles of Solfatara (in the central area of the caldera) were recorded. Within the bradyseismic phenomenon which characterize the Campi Flegrei volcanic field, an uplift of the central part of the caldera has been recorded since 2005, reaching a value of 65 cm at the beginning of 2020. The last eruption of Campi Flegrei occurred in 1538 on the western side of a raised marine terrace, and, on the basis of historical and geological reconstructions, the seismicity and uplift had been increasing for about 100 years before the eruption. We statistically analyze the seismic catalogue of Campi Flegrei from 2000 to 2020 to understand the temporal variations of inter-time and inter-space between earthquakes and to correlate them with the trend of the geochemical parameters and deformations
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