STATISTICS OF EMERGENCY ACCIDENTS IN THE REFINING AND PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRY FOR THE 2007-2016 YEARS

Abstract

In the second half of the ХХ century there have seen a dramatic leap in the growth of the construction of the oil refining and petrochemical industries. Along with the growth of enterprises was carried out and the increase of their concentration, complication of technological processes and production, which resulted in an increase in the number of circulating data objects, flammable gases, flammable and combustible liquids. All this has led to the deterioration of the fire situation and increase the number of large technogenic accidents. The accident of modernity differ a catastrophic scale, huge damage to the environment and the economy, as well as high mortality and injury rate. For petrochemical and oil-refining industries are of an emergency such as: total or partial destruction of technological devices and installations, fire strait, the formation of toxic clouds, the explosion of the fuel mixture and other dangerous situations. Despite the tightening of the legislative framework in the field of ensuring fire and industrial safety, in our country still has a high accident rate among the objects of oil-refining and petrochemical industries. High accident risk is primarily associated with low quality of technological equipment, highly susceptible to corrosion and mechanical wear, as well as the presence in the feedstock of a large number of sulfur compounds present in large quantities in the oil of Tatarstan, Bashkortostan and other regions of the Russian Federation. To reduce the number of accidents at oil-refining and petrochemical industries, first and foremost, you must know the source – the cause, in which has occurred an emergency. For this purpose, we carried out the analysis of emergencies such as fires, explosions, releases of hazardous substances that occurred at the facilities of oil-refining and petrochemical industry in the period since 2007 to 2016.