Abstract
Pulse spectra produced by the release of single primary electrons in a proportional counter have been determined for a variety of gas fillings. The spectra were recorded with sufficient statistical accuracy to define their logarithmic derivatives in order to investigate deviations from the approximately exponential distributions. Two main effects were observed: (1) at small pulse heights there may be a reduced number of pulses compared with the exponential distribution if the electron multiplication commences in a region of low field strength; (2) at large pulse heights there may be an excess of pulses owing to the occurrence of secondary successor avalanches initiated by photoelectric effects. A theoretical distribution has been derived which describes both these effects in terms of two parameters, one of which is characteristic of the ionizing efficiency of the electron at the commencement of the multiplication process while the other is a measure of the mean number of successors per avalanche. These parameters have been determined for each of the observed spectra.
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