Abstract
Rayleigh backscattering in single-mode fibers is helpful in loss measurements by OTDR and OFDR but troublesome when causing feedback to a semiconductor laser or when interfering with the signal in interferometric sensors. We show that the backscattered fraction of power Q = Iscatt/Iinput may fluctuate strongly for even minute variations of optical frequency ω or ambient temperature T, pressure p, or strain e, possibly imposing severe limitations on applications.
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