Abstract
Magnetic fluids have certain unique properties which are very important in physics as well as in engineering. Recently, it has been reported that ferromagnetic particles form clusters even in a weak magnetic field. No one has analyzed the cluster phenomena in detail. In the present paper, a new statistical equation is derived by considering the cluster phenomena using a transport theorem in statistical mechanics. The basic concept is an extension of the Bolzmann equation for plasma which is applied as a model of the combination of ferromagnetic particles in the collision process and dispersion of cluster by the phase transition from a microscopic viewpoint. By the present method, we can calculate the increment of apparent viscosity under the contribution of cluster and the critical magnetic field where clustering appears.
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