Statistical properties of the localization measure of chaotic eigenstates in the Dicke model.

Abstract

The quantum localization is one of the remarkable phenomena in the studies of quantum chaos and plays an important role in various contexts. Thus, an understanding of the properties of quantum localization is essential. In spite of much effort dedicated to investigating the manifestations of localization in the time-dependent systems, the features of localization in time-independent systems are still less explored, particularly in quantum systems which correspond to the classical systems with smooth Hamiltonian. In this work, we present such a study for a quantum many-body system, namely, the Dicke model. The classical counterpart of the Dicke model is given by a smooth Hamiltonian with two degrees of freedom. We examine the signatures of localization in its chaotic eigenstates. We show that the entropy localization measure, which is defined in terms of the information entropy of Husimi distribution, behaves linearly with the participation number, a measure of the degree of localization of a quantum state. We further demonstrate that the localization measure probability distribution is well described by the β distribution. We also find that the averaged localization measure is linearly related to the level repulsion exponent, a widely used quantity to characterize the localization in chaotic eigenstates. Our findings extend the previous results in billiards to the quantum many-body system with classical counterpart described by a smooth Hamiltonian, and they indicate that the properties of localized chaotic eigenstates are universal.