Abstract
Background Increasing environmental awareness is forcing waste creators to consider new options such as biosorption for the disposal of colored wastewaters. Due to prohibitive costs of commercially available activated carbon, low-cost biosorbents with high adsorption capacities have gained increasing attention. The present investigation deals with utilization of a low-cost, fungal biosorbent of Rhizopus arrhizus NCIM 997 and optimization of conditions for the removal of Reactive Orange 13 dye from an aqueous solution using sequential statistically designed experiments.
Highlights
India’s dye industry produces various types of dyes, of which 50 % are reactive dyes [1, 2]
The present investigation deals with utilization of a low-cost, fungal biosorbent of Rhizopus arrhizus National Collection of Industrial Microorganisms (NCIM) 997 and optimization of conditions for the removal of Reactive Orange 13 dye from an aqueous solution using sequential statistically designed experiments
Response surface methodology using central composite design was employed at the specified combinations of four independent significant factors identified by & Sukhada Saraf sukhada_1689@yahoo.co.in; saraf_sukhada@yahoo.co.in
Summary
India’s dye industry produces various types of dyes, of which 50 % are reactive dyes [1, 2]. 70 % of the synthetic dyes belong to the azo group and, this class of dyes is the most unfavorable from the ecological point of view, as the effluents are heavily colored, contain high concentrations of salt and exhibit high BOD/COD values. The release of these dyes is both esthetically unacceptable and presents an eco-toxic hazard [2–4]. Increasing environmental awareness is forcing waste creators to consider new options such as biosorption for the disposal of colored wastewaters. Validation experiments and application of artificial neural network showed excellent correlation between predicted and experimental values
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