Abstract
The aim was to develop a morphometric and anatomically accurate atlas (statistical shape model) of calcaneus. The model is based on 18 left foot and 18 right foot computed tomography studies of 28 male individuals aged from 17 to 62 years, with no known foot pathology. A procedure for automatic atlas included extraction and identification of common features, averaging feature position, obtaining mean geometry, mathematical shape description and variability analysis. Expert manual assistance was included for the model to fulfil the accuracy sought by medical professionals. The proposed for the first time statistical shape model of the calcaneus could be of value in many orthopaedic applications including providing support in diagnosing pathological lesions, pre-operative planning, classification and treatment of calcaneus fractures as well as for the development of future implant procedures.
Highlights
Improving the diagnosis and supporting the therapy is a fundamental task of medical imaging [1, 2]
Following a general scheme for building such an atlas in an automatic function, as proposed by Subsol et al [2], we were able to bring down the characterization of the mean geometry of calcaneus to several dozen representative coefficients of the spherical harmonic expansion
Shapes may be represented in many different ways and an argument can be made whether the choice of spherical harmonic representation was the most appropriate
Summary
Improving the diagnosis and supporting the therapy is a fundamental task of medical imaging [1, 2]. Calcaneus fractures are estimated at 2% of all fractures of human bones and can have long-term consequences for patients in terms of comfort and disability [6, 7]. This largest tarsal bone plays stabilizing function for human body and pathologies of this bone influence human mobility and quality of life [8,9,10]. X-ray study (radiography) remains the method of choice for the initial assessment of fracture [16, 17], CT imaging has become the current state-of-art in diagnostics of calcaneus fractures [18,19,20].
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