Abstract
With the 2019 Coronavirus pandemic, we have seen an increasing use of remote technologies such has remote identity verification. The authentication of the user identity is often performed through a biometric matching of a selfie and a video of an official identity document. In such a scenario, it is essential to verify the integrity of both the selfie and the video. In this article, we propose a method to detect double video compression in order to verify the video integrity. We will focus on the H.264 compression which is one of the mandatory video codecs in the WebRTC Requests For Comments. H.264 uses an integer approximation of the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT). Our method focuses on the DCT coefficients to detect a double compression. The coefficients roughly follow a Laplacian distribution, we will show that the distribution parameters vary with respect to the quantisation parameter used to compress the video. We thus propose a statistical hypothesis test to determine whether or not a video has been compressed twice.
Highlights
With the 2019 Coronavirus pandemic, we have seen an increasing use of remote technologies such has remote identity verification
Double Compression Detection Method Based on Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) Coefficients enough to authenticate the video, as it could be tampered in realtime
In this article we proposed a method to detect a double H.264 video compression detection algorithm based on an analysis of the DCT coefficient
Summary
With the 2019 Coronavirus pandemic, we have seen an increasing use of remote technologies such has remote identity verification. Double Compression Detection Method Based on DCT Coefficients enough to authenticate the video, as it could be tampered in realtime. [14]–[20] try to estimate the primary GOP size as an evidence of double H.264 compression One advantage of those methods is that they are applicable to other video encoder as the principle of GOP is present in many video compression algorithms. Other approaches such as [21]–[23] focus on recompression using the same quantification parameters. Some methods [24], [25] try to expose the double H.264 by studying the DCT coefficient distribution They trained different classifier on the DCT coefficient to detect if a video is compressed twice. This residual is mostly null and can be compressed efficiently
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