Abstract
BackgroundThis study aimed to isolate potent thermophilic and amylolytic bacteria from a hot spring of Pharaoh’s bath, Sinai, Egypt, and screen its degradative activity. The amylolytic activity was further optimized using a statistical full factorial design followed by response surface methodology. ResultsA thermophilic bacterium was isolated from the hot spring of Pharaoh’s Bath, Sinai, Egypt. The isolate produced amylase, cellulase, and caseinase and was identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing as Parageobacillus thermoglucosidasius Pharon1 (MG965879). A growth medium containing 1% soluble starch was found to optimize the amylase production. Dinitrosalycalic acid method (DNS) was used to estimate the amount of reducing sugar produced. Statistical full factorial and response surface designs were employed to optimize physical variables affecting the α-amylase production and determine the significant interactions of the studied variables during the fermentation process. According to the results obtained by the response optimizer, the maximum amylase activity reached 76.07 U/mL/ min at 54.1°C, pH 5.6 after 98.5 h incubation under aerobic conditions. Moreover, the produced enzyme was thermostable and retained most of its activity when exposed to a high temperature of 100°C for 120 min. Maximum enzyme activity was attained when the enzyme was incubated at 70°C for 30 min. ConclusionsThis is the first report of the production of thermostable α-amylase by the potent thermophilic Parageobacillus thermoglucosidasius. The enzyme endured extreme conditions of temperature and pH which are important criteria for commercial and industrial applications.
Highlights
This study aimed to isolate potent thermophilic and amylolytic bacteria from a hot spring of Pharaoh’s bath, Sinai, Egypt, and screen its degradative activity
Isolation, screening, and identification of degradative bacterial isolate The isolate growing on a nutrient agar plate, incubated at 70°C and the production ability of amylase, cellulase, and caseinase was selected
The isolate was identified by partial amplification and sequencing of 16S rRNA gene as P. thermoglucosidasius (99% sequence similarity)
Summary
This study aimed to isolate potent thermophilic and amylolytic bacteria from a hot spring of Pharaoh’s bath, Sinai, Egypt, and screen its degradative activity. Amylases are important enzymes that play a pivotal role in biotechnology. They are produced by plants, animals, and microorganisms. Amylases are widely used in baking and bread industry, fermentations, textiles, alcohols, pharmaceuticals, and detergents [1]. They are used in the production of corn and chocolate syrup, production of low-calorie beer, purification of apple and pear juice, malt production, and in removing stickiness in the paper industry [2,3,4]. Many industrial enzymatic reactions occurring at high temperatures have advantages in decreasing the contamination risk, increasing the diffusion rate, being resistant to denaturing agents, and proteolytic enzymes [5]
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