Abstract
A re-examination of the fundamental hypotheses of statistical mechanics shows that the principle of the most probable distribution may be interpreted in such a way as to be applicable as well to systems which are not at equilibrium. The general method of deriving distribution laws for systems not at equilibrium is outlined. The use of this method is illustrated by deriving a general distribution law for systems in which the velocities are required to be non-Maxwellian. The distribution of velocities of molecules in any group having a specified average velocity is Maxwellian relative to the group average velocity. The average total energy of such a system is shown to be the sum of the kinetic energies of mass motion of the several groups of molecules plus the Maxwellian average energy corresponding to the given volume and temperature.
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