Statistical characterization of atmospheric PM 10 and PM 2.5 concentrations at a non-impacted suburban site of Istanbul, Turkey

Abstract

Inhalable particulate matter (PM 10) has been monitored at several stations by Istanbul Municipality. On the other hand, information about fine fraction aerosols (PM 2.5) in Istanbul atmosphere was not reported. In this study, 86 daily aerosol samples were collected between July 2002 and July 2003. The PM 10 annual arithmetic mean value of 47.1 μg m −3, was lower than the Turkish air quality standard of 60 μg m −3. On the other hand, this value was found higher than the annual European Union air quality PM 10 standard of 40 μg m −3. Furthermore, the annual mean concentration of PM 2.5 20.8 μg m −3 was found higher than The United States EPA standard of 15 μg m −3. The statistics and relationships of fine, coarse, and inhalable particles were studied. Cyclic behavior of the monthly average concentrations of PM 10 and PM 2.5 data were investigated. Several frequency distribution functions were used to fit the measured data. According to Chi-squared and Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests, the frequency distributions of PM 2.5 and PM 10 data were found to fit Log-logistic functions.