Abstract

Urbanization is termed as physical transformation of landscapes that alter the natural regime of the environment of its surrounding resulting in further changes in macro as well as micro climate of the region [1]. Urban areas are continually facing problems of water scarcity and urban flash floods. Recent news from IPCC report 2010, CIESIN’s Global Rural Urban Mapping Project [2] and World Water Vol. 7 2007, it is clear that urban land area has doubled and affected the hydrological cycle. The components of hydrological cycle affected are Infiltration, Runoff and Evaporation and the causing components are derived by studies as land use, land cover, water withdrawal and urban developments. Thus water availability, water recharge and water cycle are all destabilized in course or urban development. The paper is an attempt to correlate and identify the periodical changes in urban water cycle, during urbanization of Bhopal City, India, during last twenty years and above. The observations are based on GIS mapping of the study area from 1991 to 2009 using rational method of runoff and recharge calculations and statistical analysis of related built-up areas. Also change in natural course of drainages with the help of GIS imageries which have been detected during twenty years that help to observe the adaptation of natural system to urban course. Also the observations show an interesting relation which can be used for further research and sustainable development [3].

Highlights

  • Urban planning has been left quite behind, by the speed of urbanization as it has steadily replaced open spaces and forced dramatic changes to watersheds in the process

  • Natural drainages have been replaced by human structures, or reengineered for human purposes

  • Statistical Change Detection in Water Cycle over Two Decades and Assessment of Impact of Urbanization on Surface and Sub-Surface Water Flows of Impact of Urbanization on Surface and Sub-Surface Water Flows tion of Upper Lake, Hills like Samasgarh, Forest Areas near Chichli, Nayagoan, Part of Kerwa River, Kerwa dam, Neelbad agriculture area all coming under Kolar Nagar Palika and Phanda Block of Bhopal and Zone 6 of Bhopal municipal corporation comprising ward No 25, 26, 27, 28, 34, 45, 48, 52

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Summary

Introduction

Urban planning has been left quite behind, by the speed of urbanization as it has steadily replaced open spaces and forced dramatic changes to watersheds in the process. The activities proposed or going on land surfaces do not favor the natural processes many times and hamper their working. Urban planners are facing limitations in coping up with these particular problems of decreasing water resources and shortage in natural recharging of ground water. Several urban cities are facing water related problems in India and overseas [4]. Bhopal (Figure 1), a rapidly growing city in India, is blessed with natural physiography along with more than six beautiful lakes and called as “city of lakes”. Still the unplanned growth and rapid urbanization has affected the water cycle here and the largest man made lake in Bhopal called Upper lake reduced to 9 sqkm in surface water spread from 36 sqkm in 2009. A study was done to find the effects of urbanization on the water (Sub Surface and Surface) and a corealtion was developed for the said differences

Study Area
Rainfall
Observations
Conclusions
PROCEDURE FOR DATA COMPILATION
34 Jawahar Nehru
Findings
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