Abstract
We report the enhanced production of siderophore in succinate medium by applying two-stage statistical approach, i.e., Plackett–Burman design and response surface methodology (RSM) using central composite design (CCD). In the first stage of optimization, out of 11 variable components of succinate medium, succinic acid, pH and temperature were found as significant components that influenced the siderophore production in Pseudomonas aeruginosa RZS9. The second stage of RSM using CCD consisted of optimizing the concentrations of the variables. Here, 0.49 g/100 ml concentration of succinic acid, pH 7.08 and temperature of 27.80 °C yielded the maximum (68.41 %) siderophore units. All the significant components exhibited quadratic effect on siderophore production. The F value of 28.63, multiple correlation coefficient (R 2) of 0.9626, percent coefficient of variation of 8.81 values indicated that the model was significant and that the experimental data was satisfactorily adjusted to the quadratic model. During validation of these experiments, 6.10 % increase in siderophore yield was obtained. Scale-up of this protocol optimized at shake flask level up to 5 L-capacity reactor further enhanced the siderophore yield. We claim it to be the first report on statistical optimization of siderophore production by P. aeruginosa RZS9.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13205-016-0365-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Highlights
Siderophores are low-molecular-weight, iron-scavenging ligands produced by a wide variety of microorganisms to combat iron deficiency (Sayyed et al 2013)
We report the enhanced production of siderophore in succinate medium by applying two-stage statistical approach, i.e., Plackett–Burman design and response surface methodology (RSM) using central composite design (CCD)
In the first stage of optimization, out of 11 variable components of succinate medium, succinic acid, pH and temperature were found as significant components that influenced the siderophore production in Pseudomonas aeruginosa RZS9
Summary
Siderophores are low-molecular-weight, iron-scavenging ligands produced by a wide variety of microorganisms to combat iron deficiency (Sayyed et al 2013). Siderophores are used in pharmaceuticals (Crumbliss and Harrington 2009; Hider and Kong 2010), bioremediation of heavy metal pollutants (Rajkumar et al 2010), biogeochemical cycling of iron in the ocean (Boyd et al 2007), biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons (Hickford et al 2004; Gauglitz et al 2012), and as an optical biosensor (Yoder and Kisaalita 2011; Ahmed and Holmstrom 2014) Since these molecules have wider range of applications, their production needs to be statistically optimized. Any factor, which influences the production of siderophores in a production medium, needs to be studied
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