Statistical Approach of Nutrient Optimization for Microalgae Cultivation

Pichayatorn Bunkaew,Sasithorn Kongruang,M Sriariyanun,K Rattanaporn,W Rodiahwati,Y.S Cheng,P Yasurin

doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202014103009

Pichayatorn Bunkaew, Sasithorn Kongruang + Show 5 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202014103009

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Abstract

The Plackett-Burman Design (PBD) was applied to study fresh water microalgae cultivation using Chlorella sp. TISTR 8411 to select the influential nutrient factors for biomass and lipid production. The PBD for 13 trials from 11 nutrient factors with 3 levels was studied in the mixotrophic cultivation at 28 0C under 16:8 light and dark photoperiods over 7 days of cultivation time. Two influential factors were chosen as glucose and cobalt chloride hexahydrate to further design via Box-Behnken Design (BBD) in order to optimize the cultivation of this microalgae for biodiesel production. The 17 trials of 3 factors and 3 levels of BBD experimental design technique were applied with varying factors of glucose (20-40 g/L), cobalt chloride hexahydrate (0.01-0.04 mg/L) and light intensity (4,500-7,500 Lux) under 16:8 light and dark photoperiods over 7 days of cultivation time at 28 0C. Result showed that Chlorella sp. TISTR 8411 cultivation yield 0.52 g/L biomass and 0.31 g/L lipid production resulting in approximately 60% of lipid production when cultivated in 20.05 g/L glucose, 0.04 mg/L CoCl26H2O under light intensity of 4,614 Lux with the supplementation of 4.38 g/L NaHCO3 coupled with 1 g/L of both NaNO3 and KH2PO4. Under statically mixotrophic cultivation, result indicated that Chlorella sp. TISTR 8411 had potential to produce high lipid content for biodiesel application and biomass production for nutraceutical application. Further experiment with the longer cultivation period up to 2 weeks would implement not only for monitoring the growth kinetics but also evaluating the suitable type of fatty acid production.

Highlights

Chlorella is a unicellular green microalgae existing in both aquatic and terrestrial habitats
Box-Behnken Design (BBD) was used to optimize the concentration of the nutrients factors selected, together with light intensity. 17 experiments was run and performed in 250 mL Erlenmeyer flasks containing 150 mL medium prepared together with a fixed concentration of 4.38 given as follows: Biomass (g/L) NaHCO3 coupled with 1 g/L of both NaNO3 and KH2PO4 10% of inoculum containing 2.5 × 107 cell/mL of cells was added to the 150 mL culture medium
TISTR 8411 is a green eukaryotic microalgae belonging to the division Chlorophyta in the genus Chlorella, which explored since a well known C. vulgaris

Summary

Introduction

Chlorella is a unicellular green microalgae existing in both aquatic and terrestrial habitats. Its biomass consists of approximately 68% protein, 13% fat, 10% carbohydrates 6% ash and 3% moisture. This strain contains at least 18 amino acids mainly glutamic acid, aspartic acid, leucine, alanine, valine and arginine and multivitamin such as A, B1, B6, B12, C, E, K1, folic acid and pantothenic acid. Strains were grown under favorable or stress culture conditions, the successfully biomass cultivation under mixotrophically attracts many health food and feed because of the capability of accumulating as high as 60% (w/w, on dry-weight basis) oil within cells. TISTR 8990 were investigated under PBD with mixotrophic cultivation conditions Under this experimental design there were 15 different runs with ten factors-yeast extract, KH2PO4, MgSO4, FeSO4, MnCl2, CuSO4, Na2MoO4, H3BO3, ZnSO4 and pH had been reported [7]

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