Abstract
The two-dimensional angular resolution limit (ARL) of elevation and azimuth for MIMO radar with ultrawideband (UWB) noise waveforms is investigated using statistical resolution theory. First, the signal model of monostatic UWB MIMO noise radar is established in a 3D reference frame. Then, the statistical angular resolution limits (SARLs) of two closely spaced targets are derived using the detection-theoretic and estimation-theoretic approaches, respectively. The detection-theoretic approach is based on the generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) with given probabilities of false alarm and detection, while the estimation-theoretic approach is based on Smith’s criterion which involves the Cramér-Rao lower bound (CRLB). Furthermore, the relationship between the two approaches is presented, and the factors affecting the SARL, that is, detection parameters, transmit waveforms, array geometry, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and parameters of target (i.e., radar cross section (RCS) and direction), are analyzed. Compared with the conventional radar resolution theory defined by the ambiguity function, the SARL reflects the practical resolution ability of radar and can provide an optimization criterion for radar system design.
Highlights
As a novel class of radar system, multiple-input multipleoutput (MIMO) radar has gained popularity and attracted attention [1]
Resolution limit can be interpreted as the minimal difference to resolve two closely spaced targets and is a critical quantity to evaluate the performance of a radar system
We have derived the explicit expressions for 2D statistical angular resolution limits (SARLs) of elevation and azimuth for UWB MIMO noise radar, which are defined using generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) based on hypothesis test and estimation approach based on Smith’s criterion, respectively
Summary
As a novel class of radar system, multiple-input multipleoutput (MIMO) radar has gained popularity and attracted attention [1]. MIMO radar can offer additional degrees of freedom by employing multiple transmit and receive antennas, and it possess significant potentials for fading mitigation, resolution enhancement, and interference, and jamming suppression Exploiting these potentials can improve target detection, parameter estimation, and target tracking and recognition performance [2]. The 2D statistical angular resolution limits (SARLs) of elevation and azimuth for UWB MIMO noise radar in a 3D reference frame are derived. As for the application, the SARL presented in this paper can be used to evaluate the performance of sensor arrays in target localization (such as in radar and sonar), and the approaches may be applied to general detection and parameter estimation problems. ‖ ⋅ ‖ denotes the Frobenius norm of a vector and IN is the Nth-order identity matrix
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