Abstract
A method for analysing random phase perturbations of the wave surface impinging on the entrance pupil of an astronomical observation instrument (reflector or refractor) is given. These perturbations are observed by a Foucault test looking at the pupil through a diaphragm, the diameter of which, Delta theta , is a few arc second; this diaphragm is put at the focus of the instrument pointed in the direction of the solar limb. Simultaneous photographs of the pupil through two diaphragms are necessary to measure the intercorrelation of the observed perturbations, leading to a turbulent energy profile (versus altitude) by a triangulation method. Two kinds of spatial frequency filtering are effected by the diaphragms: the formed is the diffraction one, the latter is a wavefront integration effect.
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