Statistical Analysis of the Prevalence and Predictors of Asthma and Allergic Rhinitis in Nigeria

Abstract

The incidence and prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis have increased worldwide over the past ten years and it places a burden on already poorly financed healthcare systems. This article explores the prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis in Nigeria, utilizing statistical analyses to investigate the prevalence, demographic predictors, and familial associations. Objectives include determining average ages of diagnosis, identifying significant predictors, examining the relationship between asthma and allergic rhinitis, and investigating familial associations. The study employed the use of statistical tools like logistics regression, chi-square test of independence, cross-tabulation, and descriptive statistics. The analysis reveals an average age of 22 for asthma and 28 for allergic rhinitis. Significant predictors influencing asthma include age, body mass index, years of smoking, level of education, and the number of cigarettes smoked per day. The study establishes a positive correlation between asthma and allergic rhinitis, emphasizing their interconnected nature. Importantly, a highly significant relationship is identified between a family history of asthma and individual diagnoses. The prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis in Nigeria is influenced by various demographic factors that should be looked into, emphasizing the importance of considering demographic factors and age in developing effective approaches to address and manage asthma in the Nigerian population.