Abstract
Purpose of the study. The aim of the work is to study the state of the banking sector of the country based on the analysis of the main indicators, characterizing banking activity in modern conditions, studying the main factors, affecting the financial result of banks. An important direction in analyzing the banking sector is to determine its reliability and sustainability. Reliability, stability of the country’s banking system is largely determined by the financial performance of banks. In the paper, the main tendencies of development of the banking sector are considered, based on economic and statistical methods the analysis of its financial state is carried out. The work is based on dynamic, structural, factor analysis of analytical and statistical information about the processes, taking place in this field. Materials and methods. Information base of the research is statistical data and analytical information reflecting the financial activity of the banking sector. The methodological basis for the study is statistical methods of data analysis: comparative and structural analysis, dynamics, and correlation-regression analysis. Results. The main indicators of the bank resource base and efficiency of its use are considered. The main trends of changes in the structure of bank liabilities and assets are analyzed, and the analysis of the ratios of loans and deposits is given. Financial analysis of the state of the banking sector involves studying factors that affect the activities of banking institutions. It is important not only to determine the factors themselves, but also the degree of their impact on the results of the bank’s work. For this purpose, the paper used correlation-regression analysis, on the basis of which the main factors that influenced the financial result of the banking system in 2016 were studied. Сonclusion. The analsis showed that customers borrow the largest share in the structure of the passive base of the Russian banking sector. For the period, considered in the paper, deposits of individuals and corporate clients increased. The share of loans and deposits received from the Bank of Russia declined, while the share of loans and deposits received from other credit institutions grew at the same time. Thus, in the structure of liabilities, the funds of the Bank of Russia are replaced by other, market sources. As a positive trend, we can note the growth of profits and funds of credit institutions in the liabilities of the banking sector. The main direction of using banking assets is lending to the economy. In the structure of assets, the share of loans and other loans was about 70%. In 2016, the volume of loans granted to the economy as a whole, decreased by 3%. Overall, for the period under review, the total revenues of the banking sector decreased by 4.9%. The main factor in reducing revenues was their significant reduction from operations with foreign currency. The correlation-regression analysis of the factors influencing the formation of the profit of the banking sector showed that the most significant value is the volume of loans. Quantitative measurement of the influence of this factor is the basis for further analysis of the financial sector of the economy, construction of forecast calculations.
Highlights
Ключевые слова: банковский сектор, структура пассивов, структура активов, доходы и расходы кредитных организаций, прибыль банковского сектора, факторы, влияющие на прибыль банковского сектора, корреляционно-регрессионный анализ
The aim of the work is to study the state of the banking sector of the country based on the analysis of the main indicators, characterizing banking activity in modern conditions, studying the main factors, affecting the financial result of banks
Financial analysis of the state of the banking sector involves studying factors that affect the activities of banking institutions
Summary
Целью работы является изучение состояния банковского сектора страны на основе анализа основных показателей, характеризующих банковскую деятельность в современных условиях, изучение основных факторов, влияющих на финансовый результат работы банков. Проанализированы основные тенденции изменений в структуре банковских пассивов и активов, приведен анализ соотношений кредитов и депозитов. С этой целью в работе был использован корреляционно-регрессионный анализ, на основе которого были изучены основные факторы, оказавшие влияние на финансовый результат банковской системы в 2016 году. Проведенный анализ показал, что наибольший удельный вес в структуре пассивной базы российского банковского сектора занимают средства клиентов. Проведенный корреляционно-регрессионный анализ факторов, влияющих на формирование прибыли банковского сектора показал, что наиболее существенное значение имеет объем кредитов. Ключевые слова: банковский сектор, структура пассивов, структура активов, доходы и расходы кредитных организаций, прибыль банковского сектора, факторы, влияющие на прибыль банковского сектора, корреляционно-регрессионный анализ. Financial university under the government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
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