Stationary patterns induced by self- and cross-diffusion in a Beddington–DeAngelis predator–prey model

Abstract

The study of spatial pattern formation through diffusion-driven instability of reaction–diffusion models of interacting species has long been one of the fundamental problems in mathematical ecology. The present article is concerned with interacting predator–prey reaction–diffusion model with Beddington–DeAngelis type functional response. The essential conditions for Hopf and Turing bifurcations are derived on the spatial domain. The parameter space for Turing spatial structure is established. Based on the bifurcation analysis, the spatial pattern formation in Turing space through numerical simulations is carried out in order to study the evolution procedure of the proposed model system in the vicinity of coexistence equilibrium point. The consequences of the results obtained reveal that the effects of self- and cross-diffusion play significant role on the steady state spatiotemporal pattern formation of the reaction–diffusion predator–prey model system which concerns the influence of intra-species competition among predators. Finally, ecological implications of the present results obtained are discussed at length towards the end in order to validate the applicability of the model under consideration.