Statin Therapy for The Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: Pros

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. Dyslipidemia is one of the causes of cardiovascular disease with a contributor to plaque formation.Statins are a class of drugs that lower cholesterol levels by inhibiting the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase. The purpose of statin therapy is to reduce the risk of cardiovascular and associated morbidity and mortality. Statins have a significant impact on reducing atherosclerosis cardiovascular disease. However, primary prevention of ASCVD using statins is debated although statins have several advantages. This review describes the pros of using statins as primary prevention of cardiovascular disease .A comprehensive electronic search was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect. The search was limited to English-language publications from 2002 to 2021. Hand-searching of relevant journals and reference lists was also performed. It is found that statins can lower cholesterol levels to prevent the formation of atherosclerosis, which then progresses to cardiovascular disease. Recognizing the presence of coronary artery calcium with imaging strategies can guide the initiation of therapy in young adults. Statins have pleiotropic effects to prevent cardiovascular, cost effective, safe, effective, and well tolerated. On the other hand, statins are still debated in older adults. Statins are a primary preventive consideration to reduce morbidity and mortality due to cardiovascular disease.
 Keywords: statin, atherosclerosis, primary prevention, and cardiovascular disease